Please note that the information provided herein is not legal advice and is provided for informational and educational purposes only.  If you need legal advice with respect to complying with anti-spam or privacy legislation,  you should seek professional assistance (e.g. make a post on Dynamic Lawyers).

So Canada’s old proposed Anti-Spam laws (found in Bill S-235, An Act concerning unsolicited commercial electronic messages) did not go anywhere.  But that’s not the end of that.  This year, the Senate is developing a bill – namely, Bill S-220 An Act respecting commercial electronic messages – that may ultimately become Canada’s anti-spam legislation.  This will be the third time that the government has tried to address the issue of spam – first through Bill S-235, then through Bill s-202 An Act respecting commercial electronic messages (neither of which went anywhere)

At the present time, Bill S-220 has had 2 readings in the Senate and committee meetings (Transport and Communications committee) have taken place.  Next, a report will be presented and debated on before the Senate has a chance to read the Bill again.

So in a nutshell, here’s what Bill S-220 proposes to do (if it becomes law):

Requirements for commercial electronic messages (e.g. an advertisement e-mail):

• They must clearly and accurately identify the sender, contain readily-accessible and accurate heading and routing info, and include info as to how the recipient can contact the person sending the message.
• They must include an accurate subject line.
• They must include a functional unsubscribe facility and a clear statement to the effect that unsubscribing can be done.

Prohibitions in the Bill:

• No person can send a commercial electronic message unless the recipient has consented to receiving the message.
• Implied consent  cannot be inferred from the fact that the recipient’s e-mail address has been published elsewhere or has been generally available to the public.
• A recipient can withdraw their consent.
• It is illegal for someone to offer to supply, supply or use e-mail or address-harvesting software or a harvested-address list.
• No person shall impersonate a trusted source.
• No person shall send out commercial electronic messages that include or constitute false representations (e.g. false representations that the commercial electronic message is being sent by or on behalf of another person, etc.)

Interestingly, there is a duty on every person who knows or ought to know that their business will be advertised or promoted in a commercial way contrary to the Act and who receives or is expected to receive an economic benefit to take reasonable measures to prevent the sending of the message and report any contravention to authorities.

With respect to enforcing these and other provisions of the Bill, anyone who sends a commercial electronic message without the recipient’s consent may be convicted of an offence and liable to a find not exceeding $500,000 and for a second and subsequent offence, to a find not exceeding $1.5-million.

There are other specific offences and fines related to requirements, duties, and obligations found in Canada’s proposed Anti-Spam laws.   Interestingly, apart from being prosecuted under this proposed bill and having to pay a fine, an individual or business could be sued in a civil action for breaching the proposed Act.

Notwithstanding that this Bill has not yet attained the status of law, at the present time, private individuals and companies still need to comply with the Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA for short), which imposes obligations and liabilities with respect to the collection, use, and dissemination of third party personal information without those parties’ knowledge or consent.

written by admin \\ tags: advertising, anti spam laws, Bill s-220, canada anti spam, conviction, dissemination, e mail, educational purposes, electronic documents, electronic message, legal advice, liabilities, offence, privacy legislation, private individuals, prohibitions, prosecution, provisions, publicity, receiving the message, recipient, spam laws, subject line

Please note that the information provided herein is not legal advice and is provided for informational and educational purposes only.  If you need legal advice with respect to complying with anti-spam or privacy legislation,  you should seek professional assistance (e.g. make a post on Dynamic Lawyers).

Canada’s Anti-Spam Laws are found in the proposed Bill S-235, An Act concerning unsolicited commercial electronic messages.  That’s right: I said “proposed”.  It’s not passed into law yet.  In fact, at the time of writing this blog, the Bill had only been introduced into the Senate (first reading) on May 7, 2008 and had been debated at 2nd reading on May 13, 2008.  You can view the status of the Bill here.  So where does that leave us?  Well, private individuals and companies still need to comply with the Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA for short), which imposes obligations and liabilities with respect to the collection, use, and dissemination of third party personal information without those parties’ knowledge or consent.

So how would Canada’s proposed Anti-Spam Laws work?   The following information is a brief summary of certain provisions based on the current reading of the text of the Bill (remember: it may get changed if and when it becomes law).

Requirements for commercial electronic messages (e.g. an advertisement e-mail):

• They must clearly and accurately identify the sender, contain readily-accessible and accurate heading and routing info, and include info as to how the recipient can contact the person sending the message.
• They must include an accurate subject line.
• They must include a functional unsubscribe facility and a clear statement to the effect that unsubscribing can be done.

Prohibitions in the Bill:

• No person can send a commercial electronic message unless the recipient has consented to receiving the message.
• Implied consent  cannot be inferred from the fact that the recipient’s e-mail address has been published elsewhere or has been generally available to the public.
• A recipient can withdraw their consent.
• It is illegal for someone to offer to supply, supply or use e-mail or address-harvesting software or a harvested-address list.
• No person shall impersonate a trusted source.
• No person shall send out commercial electronic messages that include or constitute false representations (e.g. false representations that the commercial electronic message is being sent by or on behalf of another person, etc.)

With respect to enforcing these and other provisions of the Bill, anyone who sends a commercial electronic message without the recipient’s consent may be convicted of an offence and liable to a find not exceeding $500,000 and for a second and subsequent offence, to a find not exceeding $1.5-million.

There are other specific offences and fines related to requirements, duties, and obligations found in Canada’s proposed Anti-Spam laws.   Interestingly, apart from being prosecuted under this proposed bill and having to pay a fine, an individual or business could be sued in a civil action for breaching the proposed Act.

written by admin \\ tags: advertising, blog, brief summary, briefs, conviction, dissemination, e mail, educational purposes, electronic documents, electronic message, first reading, law, lawyer, lawyers, legal advice, liabilities, offence, personal information protection, privacy legislation, private individuals, professional assistance, prohibitions, prosecution, provisions, publicity, receiving the message, recipient, spam laws, subject line

Toronto law firms can help answer your legal questions, facilitate your transaction (e.g. business, real estate, wills and estates, family, etc.) or even represent you in court.  To find a Toronto lawyer or law firm, go to Dynamic Lawyers and make a post.  It’s free and anonymous and Toronto lawyers and law firms will respond to you with information and quotes for you to compare.

Here are some of the different types of law that Toronto law firms can assist you in:

• Accidents and Injuries: Involved in an accident where you suffered personal injury?
• Business: Need corporate or commercial agreements? Need to have a lawyer help you do a transaction?
• Charities and Not-For-Profit: Need to establish a Not-For-Profit corporation or obtain charity status?
• Civil Litigation – Higher Court: Have a serious legal claim that needs to be litigated in the Superior Court, Divisional Court, etc.?
• Civil Litigation – Small Claims Court: Have a legal claim (e.g. breach of contract, negligence, etc.) for less than $10,000?
• Constitutional / Human Rights and Freedoms: Challenging a law or government action / inaction?
  Criminal: Charged with a criminal offence? Appealing a conviction?
• Employment and Labour: Need an employment agreement? Unjustly terminated? Need to know your rights?
• Family: Going through a separation or divorce? Fighting to get custody or access? Dealing with spousal and child support?
• Government: Need to lobby the government? Need to resolve a dispute with a government agency?
• Highway Traffic Tickets: Charged with speeding or DUI? Need to fight traffic tickets?
• Immigration: Need to immigrate to Canada? Fighting against deportation?
• Insurance: Having difficulties with your Insurance company?.
• Intellectual Property: Need to register a copyright or trademark? Need help with a patent?
• Landlord and Tenant: Need a resolve a dispute? Need to know your rights?.
• Notary Public / Commissioner: Need to notarize or commission your documents?
• Real Estate: Need someone to facilitate your residential or commercial purchase, sale, or lease?
• Tax: Need help structuring your tax affairs? Need help resolving tax disputes with the Canada Revenue Agency?
• Wills, Estates and Trusts: Need a will? Need to update your will? Find out why having an up-to-date will is a must.

Try to consult with a couple of Toronto law firms and Toronto attorneys until you’re comfortable with whom you’re speaking with.  Toronto law firms differ in size, location, expertise, and reputation.  Go to Dynamic Lawyers and save time and money finding the right Toronto law firms and Toronto attorneys who specialize in the legal area you require!

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Please note that the information provided herein is not legal advice and is provided for informational and educational purposes only.   If you need legal advice with respect to retaining a criminal law lawyer, you should seek professional assistance (e.g. make a post on Dynamic Lawyers).  We have Toronto criminal law lawyers registered on the website who can assess your situation and, if need be, represent you in court proceedings or help settle your case.

Criminal lawyers in Toronto: who are they?
A criminal lawyer is trained to defend parties (e.g. individuals, corporations, partnerships, etc.) who have been charged with an offence under the Criminal Code.  In criminal cases, the state or government is the party that is prosecuting an accused person.  This differs from civil cases, where one or more parties sue each other and the state is typically not a party to the proceedings.  Hence, in criminal cases, even if one party does not want the prosecution to continue, it’s really up to the Crown Attorney representing the state or government to make that call.

What Criminal Lawyers in Toronto can do for you
Some of the things which criminal lawyers in Toronto can assist you in include (but are not limited to) the following:

1. Determining and advising you on your rights and whether they were violated.
2. Explain the criminal law process from the time you are investigated and charged, through to trial, and finally to conviction and appealing a conviction (if it gets there).
3. Negotiating with the Crown Attorney on your behalf to reach a settlement (called a plea-bargain because people typically agree to plead guilty of a lesser offence in return for not being prosecuted for a more serious offence).
4. At trial, challenge witness’ credibility and testimony.
5. At trial, present expert evidence in the form of expert testimony and reports that are favourable to their client.
6. At trial, point out past cases (called precedents) that are in their client’s favour and draw analogies and parallels, while trying to distinguish unfavourable precedents.
7. At trial, protect their clients from answering inappropriate or irrelevant questions (e.g. questions that would tend to self-incriminate a party, questions which have nothing to do with the trial, or questions which makes the party give testimony which they are not competent or otherwise qualified to give, etc.).
8. At trial, ask for relief in case Charter Rights and Freedoms have been violated (e.g. this may result in costs being awarded in limited circumstances or evidence being rendered inadmissible).

The standard to convict
In criminal trials, the prosecution (i.e. the Attorney General) must establish that an accused committed all parts of an offence – which is typically broken down into the guilty act and the guilty mind – beyond a reasonable doubt.  In other words, if a reasonable doubt exists as to whether an accused had committed a guilty act or, in some cases, whether an accused had a guilty mind (because you don’t have to prove a guilty mind in all cases), then a judge or jury should not convict the accused.  If, however, the elements of the offence are established, then a judge or jury may convict the accused absent some type of justification or excuse (e.g. provocation, self-defence, necessity, etc.).

When to consult with or hire a Toronto Criminal Lawyer?
Immediately on becoming aware of the fact that you are being investigated, about to get charged, or have been charged, you should consult with a criminal lawyer in Toronto.  They can help take away your stress by explaining the law (e.g. your rights, the offence – i.e. its elements and consequences), helping to formulate a proper defense strategy, and telling you about how the criminal process works from start (i.e. being investigated) to finish (i.e. being sentenced and/or appealing a conviction).  Again, if you need legal advice with respect to retaining a Toronto criminal law lawyer, you should seek professional assistance (e.g. make a post on Dynamic Lawyers).

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Legal People?  Who are they and what are they capable of?

Well, here’s a short description of the more popular legal people that you’ve always wondered about but never really knew what it was all about:

Lawyer: A person who goes to school for a long time to get trained in analytical and legal reasoning. Lawyer services can be used for various legal issues – ranging from facilitating transactions (like buying or selling a home), representing parties in trial or administrative proceedings or providing answers to legal questions.  Lawyers are very good at reading, writing, researching, thinking, and speaking (both on their own behalf and on behalf of their clients).

Judge: A lawyer who acts in the capacity as a trier of fact/law and renders judgment in cases.  A judge is presumed to be impartial, neutral, and unbiased. They are supposed to conduct trials in a fair and efficient manner to all parties, and (in certain circumstances) weigh the evidence and assess the credibility of witnesses and their testimony.  If an accused is convicted in criminal court, a judge is also responsible for handing down a sentence i.e. prison term, monetary, etc.  In civil cases, a judge must determine what, if any, compensation, award, damages, declaration or other order is warranted in the circumstances.

Paralegal: Is not a lawyer.  In Ontario, they were only recently required to be licensed by the Law Society of Upper Canada.  They are capable of representing parties in Small Claims Court matters (i.e. less than $10,000), minor criminal matters, adjudicative proceedings before Ontario or Federal boards and agencies, provincial highway traffic offences, and statutory accidents and benefits claims.  Paralegals are often found assisting lawyers with their files and typically work under their supervision.

Justice of the Peace (JP): Is an appointed official (sometimes elected, depending of the region) that deal with certain minor court-room matters, such as scheduling a date for trial, hearing and trying provincial offences, performing civil marriages, etc.  It is not necessary for a JP to have a formal education in law or to have been a lawyer (as is required to be a judge).

Notary Public: Is a public officer who performs non-litigious matters e.g. powers- of-attorney, administering oaths, verifying documents (passports), etc.  Notary Public’s do not necessary have to be lawyers, however lawyers qualify as notary republics so long as they fill in the application, pay the $150 (or whatever it costs) government fee, and get themselves an embosser (around $60 at Staples Business Depot).

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